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Artifact 6c20ee128a8e4833fe0d32388c4a40d2b8651add384415fd381416e41c137348:


//! Line-oriented unified diff — the textual-hunk half of `zit diff`.
//!
//! NOT AN RFC SURFACE. No draft specifies a diff rendering; this module is
//! zit's own design, shaped by the smol contract: one well-defined problem
//! (two byte buffers in, unified hunks out), behavior most users expect
//! (`@@ -l,n +l,n @@` hunks, three context lines, the standard
//! no-trailing-newline marker), and no ambient anything — pure functions of
//! their inputs.
//!
//! The alignment is PATIENCE DIFF over interned line identities: lines
//! unique to both sides anchor the alignment (longest increasing subsequence
//! over their pairing), and the gaps between anchors recurse. A gap with no
//! unique anchors falls back to a bounded LCS table when it is small and to
//! an honest whole-gap replacement when it is not — bounded memory on
//! pathological inputs, never a quadratic surprise. Patience favors the
//! hunks a human would draw (moved-past braces do not glue unrelated
//! functions together), which is why it is git's `--patience` and the shape
//! most modern tools converged on.

const std = @import("std");

/// The classic three lines of leading/trailing context per hunk.
pub const default_context: usize = 3;

/// How a diff is rendered. `ignore_whitespace` is fossil's "Ignore
/// Whitespace": lines that differ only in whitespace compare EQUAL, so a
/// reindent or a line-ending normalization produces no hunks at all.
///
/// It changes comparison only, never emission — a line that does survive
/// into a hunk is emitted with its original bytes, whitespace intact,
/// because the reader is being shown the file, not the comparison key.
pub const Options = struct {
    context: usize = default_context,
    ignore_whitespace: bool = false,
};

/// `line` with every ASCII whitespace byte removed — the comparison key
/// under `Options.ignore_whitespace`. Squeezing rather than collapsing runs
/// is `diff -w`'s rule (and fossil's): "a  b" and "ab" are the same line.
/// A line never contains LF (the splitter consumed it), so stripping CR
/// here is what makes a CRLF/LF difference invisible, which is the
/// line-ending case the flag exists for.
fn whitespaceKey(arena: std.mem.Allocator, line: []const u8) error{OutOfMemory}![]const u8 {
    const dst = try arena.alloc(u8, line.len);
    var n: usize = 0;
    for (line) |c| {
        if (std.ascii.isWhitespace(c)) continue;
        dst[n] = c;
        n += 1;
    }
    return dst[0..n];
}

/// The LCS-fallback ceiling: a gap with no unique-line anchors runs the
/// exact dynamic program only when `a_len * b_len` stays under this bound
/// (a 256 x 256 gap = 64 KiB of u16 cells); a larger anchorless gap becomes
/// one replacement run. Exactness where it is cheap, a stated bound where
/// it is not.
const lcs_cell_cap: usize = 256 * 256;

/// One aligned edit: how many lines the two sides advance together (equal
/// run) and then apart (deleted from a, inserted into b). The whole diff is
/// a sequence of these; rendering walks it once.
const Edit = struct {
    equal: usize,
    del: usize,
    ins: usize,
};

/// A borrowed line: the byte slice EXCLUDING its newline, plus whether the
/// newline was present (the last line of an unterminated buffer lacks it,
/// and unified output must say so).
const Line = struct {
    bytes: []const u8,
    terminated: bool,
};

/// True when `bytes` should be treated as binary: a NUL anywhere in the
/// buffer. The caller renders "binary files differ" instead of hunks.
pub fn isBinary(bytes: []const u8) bool {
    return std.mem.indexOfScalar(u8, bytes, 0) != null;
}

/// Split `bytes` into lines, newline excluded, final-line termination
/// recorded. An empty buffer is zero lines.
fn splitLines(gpa: std.mem.Allocator, bytes: []const u8, out: *std.ArrayList(Line)) error{OutOfMemory}!void {
    var start: usize = 0;
    while (start < bytes.len) {
        if (std.mem.indexOfScalarPos(u8, bytes, start, '\n')) |nl| {
            try out.append(gpa, .{ .bytes = bytes[start..nl], .terminated = true });
            start = nl + 1;
        } else {
            try out.append(gpa, .{ .bytes = bytes[start..], .terminated = false });
            return;
        }
    }
}

/// Intern each line to a dense id so every later comparison is an integer
/// compare. Ids are shared across both sides — equality of ids IS equality
/// of line bytes.
const Interner = struct {
    gpa: std.mem.Allocator,
    ids: std.StringHashMapUnmanaged(u32) = .empty,
    next: u32 = 0,

    fn idOf(self: *Interner, line: []const u8) error{OutOfMemory}!u32 {
        const gop = try self.ids.getOrPut(self.gpa, line);
        if (!gop.found_existing) {
            gop.value_ptr.* = self.next;
            self.next += 1;
        }
        return gop.value_ptr.*;
    }

    fn deinit(self: *Interner) void {
        self.ids.deinit(self.gpa);
    }
};

/// Emit edits aligning `a[a0..a1]` with `b[b0..b1]` (id slices) into `out`
/// as (del, ins) runs; equal runs are appended by the caller around the
/// recursion. Patience: anchor on lines unique within BOTH ranges, LIS the
/// anchors, recurse between them.
fn diffRange(
    gpa: std.mem.Allocator,
    a: []const u32,
    b: []const u32,
    out: *std.ArrayList(Edit),
) error{OutOfMemory}!void {
    // Common prefix / suffix first: cheap, and it feeds the anchor pass
    // smaller ranges.
    var lo: usize = 0;
    while (lo < a.len and lo < b.len and a[lo] == b[lo]) lo += 1;
    var a_hi = a.len;
    var b_hi = b.len;
    while (a_hi > lo and b_hi > lo and a[a_hi - 1] == b[b_hi - 1]) {
        a_hi -= 1;
        b_hi -= 1;
    }
    if (lo > 0) try pushEqual(gpa, out, lo);

    const am = a[lo..a_hi];
    const bm = b[lo..b_hi];
    if (am.len == 0 or bm.len == 0) {
        if (am.len != 0 or bm.len != 0) try pushEdit(gpa, out, am.len, bm.len);
    } else if (try patienceAnchors(gpa, am, bm, out)) {
        // recursed inside
    } else if (am.len * bm.len <= lcs_cell_cap) {
        try lcsFallback(gpa, am, bm, out);
    } else {
        // Anchorless and large: one honest replacement run.
        try pushEdit(gpa, out, am.len, bm.len);
    }

    if (a.len - a_hi > 0) try pushEqual(gpa, out, a.len - a_hi);
}

/// The patience core: pair lines unique in both ranges, take the longest
/// increasing subsequence of the pairing, and recurse between consecutive
/// anchors. Returns false when no anchor exists (the caller falls back).
fn patienceAnchors(
    gpa: std.mem.Allocator,
    a: []const u32,
    b: []const u32,
    out: *std.ArrayList(Edit),
) error{OutOfMemory}!bool {
    // Occurrence counts and last positions per id, both sides.
    const Occ = struct { count: u32 = 0, pos: usize = 0 };
    var in_a: std.AutoHashMapUnmanaged(u32, Occ) = .empty;
    defer in_a.deinit(gpa);
    var in_b: std.AutoHashMapUnmanaged(u32, Occ) = .empty;
    defer in_b.deinit(gpa);
    for (a, 0..) |id, i| {
        const gop = try in_a.getOrPut(gpa, id);
        if (!gop.found_existing) gop.value_ptr.* = .{};
        gop.value_ptr.count += 1;
        gop.value_ptr.pos = i;
    }
    for (b, 0..) |id, i| {
        const gop = try in_b.getOrPut(gpa, id);
        if (!gop.found_existing) gop.value_ptr.* = .{};
        gop.value_ptr.count += 1;
        gop.value_ptr.pos = i;
    }

    // Candidate anchors in a-order: unique on both sides.
    const Pair = struct { a: usize, b: usize };
    var pairs: std.ArrayList(Pair) = .empty;
    defer pairs.deinit(gpa);
    for (a, 0..) |id, i| {
        const oa = in_a.get(id).?;
        if (oa.count != 1) continue;
        const ob = in_b.get(id) orelse continue;
        if (ob.count != 1) continue;
        try pairs.append(gpa, .{ .a = i, .b = ob.pos });
    }
    if (pairs.items.len == 0) return false;

    // Longest increasing subsequence over b-positions (a-positions are
    // already ascending): patience sorting with binary search, O(n log n).
    const tails = try gpa.alloc(usize, pairs.items.len); // index into pairs
    defer gpa.free(tails);
    const back = try gpa.alloc(?usize, pairs.items.len);
    defer gpa.free(back);
    var piles: usize = 0;
    for (pairs.items, 0..) |p, i| {
        var lo: usize = 0;
        var hi: usize = piles;
        while (lo < hi) {
            const mid = (lo + hi) / 2;
            if (pairs.items[tails[mid]].b < p.b) lo = mid + 1 else hi = mid;
        }
        back[i] = if (lo > 0) tails[lo - 1] else null;
        tails[lo] = i;
        if (lo == piles) piles += 1;
    }
    var chain: std.ArrayList(Pair) = .empty;
    defer chain.deinit(gpa);
    var at: ?usize = tails[piles - 1];
    while (at) |i| {
        try chain.append(gpa, pairs.items[i]);
        at = back[i];
    }
    std.mem.reverse(Pair, chain.items);

    // Recurse between anchors; each anchor itself is one equal line.
    var a0: usize = 0;
    var b0: usize = 0;
    for (chain.items) |anchor| {
        try diffRange(gpa, a[a0..anchor.a], b[b0..anchor.b], out);
        try pushEqual(gpa, out, 1);
        a0 = anchor.a + 1;
        b0 = anchor.b + 1;
    }
    try diffRange(gpa, a[a0..], b[b0..], out);
    return true;
}

/// Exact LCS dynamic program for small anchorless gaps. Table bound is the
/// caller's `lcs_cell_cap` check; cells are u16 (a gap side never exceeds
/// 256 under the cap... unless the other side is 1 — lengths still fit).
fn lcsFallback(
    gpa: std.mem.Allocator,
    a: []const u32,
    b: []const u32,
    out: *std.ArrayList(Edit),
) error{OutOfMemory}!void {
    const w = b.len + 1;
    const cells = try gpa.alloc(u16, (a.len + 1) * w);
    defer gpa.free(cells);
    @memset(cells, 0);
    var i: usize = a.len;
    while (i > 0) {
        i -= 1;
        var j: usize = b.len;
        while (j > 0) {
            j -= 1;
            cells[i * w + j] = if (a[i] == b[j])
                cells[(i + 1) * w + j + 1] + 1
            else
                @max(cells[(i + 1) * w + j], cells[i * w + j + 1]);
        }
    }
    var x: usize = 0;
    var y: usize = 0;
    while (x < a.len and y < b.len) {
        if (a[x] == b[y]) {
            try pushEqual(gpa, out, 1);
            x += 1;
            y += 1;
        } else if (cells[(x + 1) * w + y] >= cells[x * w + y + 1]) {
            try pushEdit(gpa, out, 1, 0);
            x += 1;
        } else {
            try pushEdit(gpa, out, 0, 1);
            y += 1;
        }
    }
    if (a.len - x > 0 or b.len - y > 0) try pushEdit(gpa, out, a.len - x, b.len - y);
}

/// Append an equal run, folding into a trailing equal edit when possible.
fn pushEqual(gpa: std.mem.Allocator, out: *std.ArrayList(Edit), n: usize) error{OutOfMemory}!void {
    std.debug.assert(n > 0);
    if (out.items.len > 0) {
        const last = &out.items[out.items.len - 1];
        if (last.del == 0 and last.ins == 0) {
            last.equal += n;
            return;
        }
    }
    try out.append(gpa, .{ .equal = n, .del = 0, .ins = 0 });
}

/// Append a delete/insert run, folding into a trailing edit that has no
/// intervening equal lines.
fn pushEdit(gpa: std.mem.Allocator, out: *std.ArrayList(Edit), del: usize, ins: usize) error{OutOfMemory}!void {
    std.debug.assert(del > 0 or ins > 0);
    if (out.items.len > 0) {
        const last = &out.items[out.items.len - 1];
        if (last.equal == 0 or (last.del == 0 and last.ins == 0 and last.equal == 0)) {
            // never merges across an equal run
        }
        if (last.equal > 0 and last.del == 0 and last.ins == 0) {
            // the previous entry is a pure equal run: start a fresh edit
        } else if (out.items.len > 0 and out.items[out.items.len - 1].equal == 0) {
            out.items[out.items.len - 1].del += del;
            out.items[out.items.len - 1].ins += ins;
            return;
        }
    }
    try out.append(gpa, .{ .equal = 0, .del = del, .ins = ins });
}

/// Render the unified diff of `a_bytes` vs `b_bytes` into `out`: zero or
/// more `@@` hunks with `context` lines of surrounding context and the
/// standard `\ No newline at end of file` marker. Emits NOTHING when the
/// buffers are line-identical. The caller owns file headers (`---`/`+++`)
/// and binary detection (`isBinary`).
pub fn unified(
    gpa: std.mem.Allocator,
    a_bytes: []const u8,
    b_bytes: []const u8,
    opts: Options,
    out: *std.ArrayList(u8),
) error{OutOfMemory}!void {
    var a_lines: std.ArrayList(Line) = .empty;
    defer a_lines.deinit(gpa);
    var b_lines: std.ArrayList(Line) = .empty;
    defer b_lines.deinit(gpa);
    var edits: std.ArrayList(Edit) = .empty;
    defer edits.deinit(gpa);
    try lineEdits(gpa, a_bytes, b_bytes, opts, &a_lines, &b_lines, &edits);
    try renderHunks(gpa, a_lines.items, b_lines.items, edits.items, opts.context, out);
}

/// zit#165 `diff --by`: the same edit script rendered as a side-by-side HTML
/// table — one row per line pair, `eq`/`del`/`ins`/`chg` classes, text
/// escaped. Every line is shown; the classes carry the diff.
pub fn sideBySideHtml(
    gpa: std.mem.Allocator,
    a_bytes: []const u8,
    b_bytes: []const u8,
    opts: Options,
    out: *std.ArrayList(u8),
) error{OutOfMemory}!void {
    var a_lines: std.ArrayList(Line) = .empty;
    defer a_lines.deinit(gpa);
    var b_lines: std.ArrayList(Line) = .empty;
    defer b_lines.deinit(gpa);
    var edits: std.ArrayList(Edit) = .empty;
    defer edits.deinit(gpa);
    try lineEdits(gpa, a_bytes, b_bytes, opts, &a_lines, &b_lines, &edits);
    try out.appendSlice(gpa, "<table class=\"sbs\">\n");
    var ai: usize = 0;
    var bi: usize = 0;
    for (edits.items) |e| {
        var k: usize = 0;
        while (k < e.equal) : (k += 1) {
            try sbsRow(gpa, out, "eq", ai + 1, a_lines.items[ai].bytes, bi + 1, b_lines.items[bi].bytes);
            ai += 1;
            bi += 1;
        }
        const paired = @min(e.del, e.ins);
        k = 0;
        while (k < paired) : (k += 1) {
            try sbsRow(gpa, out, "chg", ai + 1, a_lines.items[ai].bytes, bi + 1, b_lines.items[bi].bytes);
            ai += 1;
            bi += 1;
        }
        k = paired;
        while (k < e.del) : (k += 1) {
            try sbsRow(gpa, out, "del", ai + 1, a_lines.items[ai].bytes, 0, "");
            ai += 1;
        }
        k = paired;
        while (k < e.ins) : (k += 1) {
            try sbsRow(gpa, out, "ins", 0, "", bi + 1, b_lines.items[bi].bytes);
            bi += 1;
        }
    }
    try out.appendSlice(gpa, "</table>\n");
}

fn sbsRow(gpa: std.mem.Allocator, out: *std.ArrayList(u8), class: []const u8, an: usize, a: []const u8, bn: usize, b: []const u8) error{OutOfMemory}!void {
    try out.appendSlice(gpa, "<tr class=\"");
    try out.appendSlice(gpa, class);
    try out.appendSlice(gpa, "\"><td class=\"n\">");
    if (an != 0) try out.print(gpa, "{d}", .{an});
    try out.appendSlice(gpa, "</td><td>");
    try htmlEscape(gpa, out, a);
    try out.appendSlice(gpa, "</td><td class=\"n\">");
    if (bn != 0) try out.print(gpa, "{d}", .{bn});
    try out.appendSlice(gpa, "</td><td>");
    try htmlEscape(gpa, out, b);
    try out.appendSlice(gpa, "</td></tr>\n");
}

pub fn htmlEscape(gpa: std.mem.Allocator, out: *std.ArrayList(u8), text: []const u8) error{OutOfMemory}!void {
    for (text) |c| switch (c) {
        '&' => try out.appendSlice(gpa, "&amp;"),
        '<' => try out.appendSlice(gpa, "&lt;"),
        '>' => try out.appendSlice(gpa, "&gt;"),
        '"' => try out.appendSlice(gpa, "&quot;"),
        else => try out.append(gpa, c),
    };
}

/// Split both sides into lines and compute the edit script `unified` and
/// `sideBySideHtml` both render. The lists borrow the input bytes.
fn lineEdits(
    gpa: std.mem.Allocator,
    a_bytes: []const u8,
    b_bytes: []const u8,
    opts: Options,
    a_lines: *std.ArrayList(Line),
    b_lines: *std.ArrayList(Line),
    edits: *std.ArrayList(Edit),
) error{OutOfMemory}!void {
    try splitLines(gpa, a_bytes, a_lines);
    try splitLines(gpa, b_bytes, b_lines);

    var interner = Interner{ .gpa = gpa };
    defer interner.deinit();
    // Comparison keys under `ignore_whitespace` outlive each `idOf` call (the
    // interner borrows them as map keys), so they live on an arena freed with
    // the rest of this call's scratch.
    var key_arena = std.heap.ArenaAllocator.init(gpa);
    defer key_arena.deinit();
    const keys = key_arena.allocator();
    const a_ids = try gpa.alloc(u32, a_lines.items.len);
    defer gpa.free(a_ids);
    const b_ids = try gpa.alloc(u32, b_lines.items.len);
    defer gpa.free(b_ids);
    // Termination participates in identity: a final line without its newline
    // is not equal to the same bytes with one, and the marker must say so.
    if (opts.ignore_whitespace) {
        for (a_lines.items, a_ids) |line, *id| id.* = try interner.idOf(try whitespaceKey(keys, line.bytes));
        for (b_lines.items, b_ids) |line, *id| id.* = try interner.idOf(try whitespaceKey(keys, line.bytes));
    } else {
        for (a_lines.items, a_ids) |line, *id| id.* = try interner.idOf(line.bytes);
        for (b_lines.items, b_ids) |line, *id| id.* = try interner.idOf(line.bytes);
    }
    if (a_lines.items.len > 0 and b_lines.items.len > 0) {
        const la = a_lines.items[a_lines.items.len - 1];
        const lb = b_lines.items[b_lines.items.len - 1];
        if (a_ids[a_ids.len - 1] == b_ids[b_ids.len - 1] and la.terminated != lb.terminated) {
            // Same bytes, different termination: force them unequal so the
            // edit script rewrites the final line and the marker renders.
            b_ids[b_ids.len - 1] = interner.next;
        }
    }

    try diffRange(gpa, a_ids, b_ids, edits);
}

/// Walk the edit script and emit `@@` hunks: changed runs plus `context`
/// equal lines on both flanks, adjacent changes folded into one hunk when
/// their contexts touch.
fn renderHunks(
    gpa: std.mem.Allocator,
    a_lines: []const Line,
    b_lines: []const Line,
    edits: []const Edit,
    context: usize,
    out: *std.ArrayList(u8),
) error{OutOfMemory}!void {
    // Flatten the script into per-line ops so hunk grouping is one pass.
    const Op = enum { equal, del, ins };
    var ops: std.ArrayList(Op) = .empty;
    defer ops.deinit(gpa);
    for (edits) |e| {
        try ops.appendNTimes(gpa, .equal, e.equal);
        try ops.appendNTimes(gpa, .del, e.del);
        try ops.appendNTimes(gpa, .ins, e.ins);
    }

    var i: usize = 0;
    var a_at: usize = 0; // a-line index at ops[i]
    var b_at: usize = 0;
    while (i < ops.items.len) {
        if (ops.items[i] == .equal) {
            i += 1;
            a_at += 1;
            b_at += 1;
            continue;
        }
        // A change starts here. The hunk opens `context` equal lines back and
        // extends until a gap of more than 2*context equal lines (or the end).
        const lead = @min(context, a_at); // equal lines are equal on both sides
        var a_end = a_at;
        var b_end = b_at;
        var trail: usize = 0;
        var j = i;
        while (j < ops.items.len) : (j += 1) {
            switch (ops.items[j]) {
                .equal => {
                    trail += 1;
                    a_end += 1;
                    b_end += 1;
                    if (trail > 2 * context) break;
                },
                .del => {
                    trail = 0;
                    a_end += 1;
                },
                .ins => {
                    trail = 0;
                    b_end += 1;
                },
            }
        }
        const keep_trail = @min(trail, context);
        const drop_trail = trail - keep_trail;
        // On the break path `j` still points AT the equal op that overflowed
        // the gap — it is counted in `trail`, so count it as consumed too.
        const consumed = @min(j + 1, ops.items.len);
        const hunk_end = consumed - drop_trail;
        const a_start = a_at - lead;
        const b_start = b_at - lead;

        // Count the hunk's a/b line spans by replay (clearer than closed-form
        // arithmetic over four cursors, and this pass is bounded by the hunk).
        var a_n: usize = 0;
        var b_n: usize = 0;
        var k = i - lead;
        while (k < hunk_end) : (k += 1) {
            switch (ops.items[k]) {
                .equal => {
                    a_n += 1;
                    b_n += 1;
                },
                .del => a_n += 1,
                .ins => b_n += 1,
            }
        }

        try appendHunkHeader(gpa, out, a_start, a_n, b_start, b_n);
        var a_cur = a_start;
        var b_cur = b_start;
        k = i - lead;
        while (k < hunk_end) : (k += 1) {
            switch (ops.items[k]) {
                .equal => {
                    try appendDiffLine(gpa, out, ' ', a_lines[a_cur]);
                    a_cur += 1;
                    b_cur += 1;
                },
                .del => {
                    try appendDiffLine(gpa, out, '-', a_lines[a_cur]);
                    a_cur += 1;
                },
                .ins => {
                    try appendDiffLine(gpa, out, '+', b_lines[b_cur]);
                    b_cur += 1;
                },
            }
        }

        i = hunk_end;
        a_at = a_cur;
        b_at = b_cur;
    }
}

/// `@@ -start,count +start,count @@` with unified's 1-based starts, the
/// `start`-0-when-empty convention, and git/GNU's `,count` OMITTED when the
/// count is exactly 1 — byte-compatible with `git diff` hunk headers, which
/// is what downstream diff consumers are tuned against.
fn appendHunkHeader(
    gpa: std.mem.Allocator,
    out: *std.ArrayList(u8),
    a_start: usize,
    a_n: usize,
    b_start: usize,
    b_n: usize,
) error{OutOfMemory}!void {
    var buf: [80]u8 = undefined;
    var w = std.Io.Writer.fixed(&buf);
    const a_disp: usize = if (a_n == 0) a_start else a_start + 1;
    const b_disp: usize = if (b_n == 0) b_start else b_start + 1;
    w.print("@@ -{d}", .{a_disp}) catch unreachable;
    if (a_n != 1) w.print(",{d}", .{a_n}) catch unreachable;
    w.print(" +{d}", .{b_disp}) catch unreachable;
    if (b_n != 1) w.print(",{d}", .{b_n}) catch unreachable;
    w.print(" @@\n", .{}) catch unreachable;
    try out.appendSlice(gpa, w.buffered());
}

/// One rendered diff line: marker, bytes, newline — and the standard
/// no-newline marker when the source line was unterminated.
fn appendDiffLine(gpa: std.mem.Allocator, out: *std.ArrayList(u8), marker: u8, line: Line) error{OutOfMemory}!void {
    try out.append(gpa, marker);
    try out.appendSlice(gpa, line.bytes);
    try out.append(gpa, '\n');
    if (!line.terminated) try out.appendSlice(gpa, "\\ No newline at end of file\n");
}

const t = std.testing;

fn expectUnified(a: []const u8, b: []const u8, want: []const u8) !void {
    var out: std.ArrayList(u8) = .empty;
    defer out.deinit(t.allocator);
    try unified(t.allocator, a, b, .{}, &out);
    try t.expectEqualStrings(want, out.items);
}

fn expectUnifiedW(a: []const u8, b: []const u8, want: []const u8) !void {
    var out: std.ArrayList(u8) = .empty;
    defer out.deinit(t.allocator);
    try unified(t.allocator, a, b, .{ .ignore_whitespace = true }, &out);
    try t.expectEqualStrings(want, out.items);
}

test "textdiff -w (zit#130): whitespace-only differences produce no hunks" {
    // Indentation, interior runs, trailing space, and CRLF-vs-LF are all
    // whitespace, so each of these pairs is "unchanged" under -w and a full
    // diff without it.
    try expectUnifiedW("a\n  b\nc\n", "a\nb\nc\n", "");
    try expectUnifiedW("x = 1\n", "x=1\n", "");
    try expectUnifiedW("a\t\nb\n", "a\nb\n", "");
    try expectUnifiedW("a\r\nb\r\n", "a\nb\n", "");
    // The same inputs without the flag are real differences — otherwise the
    // test above would pass for the wrong reason.
    var out: std.ArrayList(u8) = .empty;
    defer out.deinit(t.allocator);
    try unified(t.allocator, "a\n  b\nc\n", "a\nb\nc\n", .{}, &out);
    try t.expect(out.items.len != 0);
}

test "textdiff -w (zit#130): a real change still diffs, and emits ORIGINAL bytes" {
    // -w changes comparison, never emission: the surviving line keeps its own
    // whitespace, so a reader sees the file rather than the comparison key.
    var out: std.ArrayList(u8) = .empty;
    defer out.deinit(t.allocator);
    try unified(t.allocator, "  keep\nold\n", "  keep\n  new\n", .{ .ignore_whitespace = true }, &out);
    try t.expect(std.mem.indexOf(u8, out.items, "+  new") != null);
    try t.expect(std.mem.indexOf(u8, out.items, "-old") != null);
}

test "textdiff: identical buffers emit nothing" {
    try expectUnified("a\nb\nc\n", "a\nb\nc\n", "");
    try expectUnified("", "", "");
}

test "textdiff: one changed line carries three context lines each side" {
    try expectUnified(
        "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n9\n",
        "1\n2\n3\n4\nX\n6\n7\n8\n9\n",
        "@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@\n 2\n 3\n 4\n-5\n+X\n 6\n 7\n 8\n",
    );
}

test "textdiff: pure addition and pure deletion" {
    try expectUnified("a\n", "a\nb\n", "@@ -1 +1,2 @@\n a\n+b\n");
    try expectUnified("a\nb\n", "a\n", "@@ -1,2 +1 @@\n a\n-b\n");
    try expectUnified("", "n\n", "@@ -0,0 +1 @@\n+n\n");
    try expectUnified("g\n", "", "@@ -1 +0,0 @@\n-g\n");
}

test "textdiff: nearby changes fold into one hunk, distant ones split" {
    // Changes 2 apart (< 2*context): one hunk.
    try expectUnified(
        "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n",
        "1\nX\n3\nY\n5\n",
        "@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@\n 1\n-2\n+X\n 3\n-4\n+Y\n 5\n",
    );
    // Changes far apart: two hunks.
    try expectUnified(
        "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n9\n10\n11\n12\n13\n",
        "X\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n9\n10\n11\n12\nY\n",
        "@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@\n-1\n+X\n 2\n 3\n 4\n@@ -10,4 +10,4 @@\n 10\n 11\n 12\n-13\n+Y\n",
    );
}

test "textdiff: the no-trailing-newline marker renders on both sides" {
    try expectUnified(
        "a\nend",
        "a\nend\n",
        "@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@\n a\n-end\n\\ No newline at end of file\n+end\n",
    );
    try expectUnified(
        "a\nold\n",
        "a\nnew",
        "@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@\n a\n-old\n+new\n\\ No newline at end of file\n",
    );
}

test "textdiff: patience anchors keep unique lines aligned" {
    // The unique `fn middle` line anchors; the repeated `}` lines cannot
    // confuse the alignment into gluing the two functions together.
    try expectUnified(
        "fn a() {\n}\nfn middle() {\n}\n",
        "fn a() {\nnew\n}\nfn middle() {\n}\n",
        "@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@\n fn a() {\n+new\n }\n fn middle() {\n }\n",
    );
}

test "textdiff: isBinary triggers on NUL only" {
    try t.expect(isBinary("a\x00b"));
    try t.expect(!isBinary("plain text\nwith lines\n"));
}